Your teeth need toothpaste—but they don’t need some of the ingredients lurking inside the tube. Some toothpaste brands contain ingredients that may do more harm than good. From artificial additives to unnecessary abrasives, certain chemicals found in toothpaste can cause gum irritation, enamel erosion, and even long-term health concerns.
If you want to protect your teeth while avoiding unnecessary risks, it’s time to examine the ingredients in your toothpaste. Below, we will break down some of the most concerning chemicals in many popular brands and offer healthier alternatives to keep your smile strong. When in doubt, ask your family dentist in Utah about your toothpaste.
The No-No List
1. Triclosan
Triclosan is a chemical that used to be in antibacterial products, including toothpaste. It was marketed to reduce plaque and gingivitis, but concerns about its long-term effects on hormone balance and antibiotic resistance led to its ban in antibacterial soaps. Unfortunately, you will often still find triclosan in some toothpaste brands.
Research suggests that triclosan may contribute to hormonal imbalances, affecting the body’s endocrine system. It also has links to bacterial resistance, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. Its environmental impact is also concerning, as triclosan residues can enter water supplies and harm aquatic life.
Toothpaste does not need harsh antibacterial agents to be effective. Instead, look for natural antibacterial alternatives, such as tea tree oil, coconut oil, or xylitol, which help fight plaque without the risks of synthetic products.
2. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, or SLS, is a foaming agent that helps toothpaste create a lather. While this may give the impression of a deeper clean, SLS is a known irritant that can cause mouth ulcers, gum inflammation, and sensitivity in some individuals.
Many people who suffer from frequent canker sores or gum irritation don’t realize that SLS may be the culprit. It strips away the natural protective layers in the mouth, leaving the tissue more vulnerable to irritation. Because of this, many people who switch to SLS-free toothpaste notice a significant improvement in their oral comfort.
If you struggle with sensitive gums or frequent ulcers, choosing a toothpaste that uses a gentler foaming agent, such as coco-glucoside or betaine, can help maintain a healthy mouth without irritation.
3. Artificial Sweeteners (Aspartame and Saccharin)
We all want our toothpaste to taste pleasant, but some brands achieve this by using artificial sweeteners like aspartame or saccharin. While these chemicals may improve the flavor, they do not provide any real dental benefits and can even lead to health concerns.
Aspartame, for example, has been controversial due to studies suggesting possible links to metabolic disorders, headaches, and neurological effects. While generally considered safe in small amounts, saccharin offers no nutritional or dental advantages.
A healthier alternative is using toothpaste flavored with xylitol, a natural sweetener that has been shown to fight cavity-causing bacteria while adding a pleasant taste.
4. Fluoride (in High Doses)
Fluoride helps to prevent cavities, but excessive exposure can lead to negative effects, particularly in young children. Fluorosis, a condition that causes white spots or streaks on teeth, directly results from overexposure to fluoride during early tooth development.
Additionally, high levels of fluoride can be harmful to overall health, potentially contributing to thyroid dysfunction and weakened bones. While fluoride is important in fighting cavities, many natural alternatives—such as hydroxyapatite-based toothpaste—offer similar enamel-strengthening benefits without the risks.
If you’re concerned about fluoride exposure, speak with a Utah family dentistry provider about the best toothpaste options.
5. Propylene Glycol
Propylene glycol is a chemical used as a moisturizer to prevent toothpaste from drying out. However, it is also found in antifreeze and other industrial products, raising concerns about its long-term safety in oral care.
Although considered safe in small amounts, propylene glycol has been associated with skin irritation and potential organ toxicity when absorbed in high doses. Because oral tissues quickly absorb chemicals, it’s best to limit exposure to potentially harmful compounds whenever possible. Choosing glycerin-based toothpaste offers the same moisture-retaining benefits without the risks associated with propylene glycol.
6. Microbeads (Polyethylene Plastics)
Plastic microbeads were once a popular toothpaste additive because they provided a scrubbing effect to help remove plaque. However, these tiny plastic particles do not dissolve, so they can get lodged between teeth and gums, leading to irritation, bacterial buildup, and gum inflammation.
Beyond their impact on oral health, microbeads pose a major environmental problem. Because they do not break down, they contribute to plastic pollution, harming aquatic life.
Many manufacturers have phased out microbeads in response to environmental concerns, but check ingredient labels for polyethylene just in case.
7. Titanium Dioxide
Titanium dioxide is a whitening agent that gives toothpaste its bright, opaque appearance. While it does not actively clean teeth, it is included for aesthetic purposes. Some studies suggest that titanium dioxide may be a potential carcinogen when inhaled in powdered form, leading to concerns about its long-term safety in oral care.
Since titanium dioxide does not provide essential dental benefits, opt for a toothpaste that uses natural whiteners such as activated charcoal or baking soda.
8. Parabens
Parabens are preservatives that extend the shelf life of toothpaste by preventing bacteria and mold growth. However, research has raised concerns about parabens acting as endocrine disruptors, which can interfere with hormone balance.
Some studies have linked parabens to an increased risk of breast cancer and reproductive health issues, making them a questionable choice for long-term exposure. Many toothpaste brands have begun removing parabens in favor of natural preservatives like vitamin E or essential oils.
Choosing a Healthier Toothpaste
Many commercial brands include unnecessary or potentially harmful additives, but plenty of natural and effective alternatives are available.
Next time you buy toothpaste, take this list with you and compare it against ingredient labels. Make sure your toothpaste:
- Is free from artificial additives, preservatives, and unnecessary chemicals
- Uses natural antibacterial agents like xylitol or tea tree oil
- Contains gentle, non-irritating foaming agents
- Provides adequate cavity protection with safer ingredients like hydroxyapatite
At Felt Family Dentistry, we prioritize your oral health and well-being. If you need recommendations on the best toothpaste for your dental needs, contact our family dentistry in Utah for expert advice and personalized care.